gymn Digest                 Fri, 23 Sep 94       Volume 3 : Issue  19

Today's Topics:
    '83 Chunichi/ Mary Lou (was Re: Top most important (SI) list)
         '83 Chunichi/ Mary Lou (was Re: Top most important)
                                China
    Comparing skating triple-triples to gymnastics double-doubles
                           Dominique on GMA
                        Mary Lou etc. (2 msgs)
                        Mary Lou on TV(again)
                           Mary Lou Retton
                     Naming skills & other stuff
                     North Korea and age (2 msgs)
                         OLYMPICS IN ATLANTA
                     Preview on two coming meets
                  Re: some questions...about judging
                       Skating Skills (2 msgs)
                            stuff (2 msgs)
                        Szabo and North Korea
                          This list (2 msgs)
                     Top most important (SI) list
                            triple-double
                             triple axels
                            U.S. Nationals
                                Worlds
                             Worlds teams
                             World teams

This is a digest of the gymn@athena.mit.edu mailing list. 

----------------------------------------------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 02:43:04 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: '83 Chunichi/ Mary Lou (was Re: Top most important (SI) list)

>> does anyone remember what else she did besides win the American Cup (3
times) and the Olympics?) <<

>I know this was a rhetorical question, but...Chunichi Cup 1983<

For the Record ...  1983 Chunichi Cup Results (from an old "IG"): 1-Marylou
Retton 38.85, 2-Elena Shusanova 38.75, 3-Diane Durham 38.60, & 4-Maxi Gnauk
38.25 ... no ROM's came

Note that Elena was only 13 at the time and 2 years (a lifetime in gymn) away
from her World title and *5* years from her Olympics win (though I had seen
her compete as early as I think '80 or '81 ... help Nancy?). Gnauk was in the
decided "twilight" of her career (though she was a legend by then and
benefited score wise as such). I'm not belittling the win  -  Retton is still
the only American to take a Chunichi title -  just saying that there are
other factors at work (as there are at almost every meet I know).

 In the EF Marylou won V (by a large margin ... 9.75 to Schennikova's 9.575)
with Shus taking BB & FX (tied with Gnauk). The UB title was taken by another
Soviet (sounds so good to be able to say that) Angelika Schennikova.  In an
odd result a CHN girl took the vault bronze ... how did that happen <g>?

5 days later at the Tokyo Cup Retton repeated her V win and again failed to
medal in any other event (Elena on the other hand medaled in all 4). Shus
took BB again with Gnauk taking the other events.

Without commenting on  Mary Lou's gymnastics (though you wouldn't have to be
physic to guess how I feel) I have to say that, if nothing else, she had a
great head for business to get out while the getting was good.  I'm not
saying that she didn't love gymnastics or anything like that. I'm just saying
that the *very* strong possiblity that she would do poorly  - at least out of
the medals -  in Montreal ('85 Worlds) would have tarnished that golden
image. "Wheaties" doesn't  put too many also-rans on the box and you're not
nearly so cute & lovable when you're not on the medal stand ... it's hard to
be perky when you lose.

Of course, ABC was most likely well and truly pissed since a lot more people
would have tuned in to see 1984 OLYMPIC CHAMPION MARYLOU RETTON <insert
fanfare here> then some little Soviet kids ... no matter how cute and
engaging. The days of Olga were passed people now wanted *American*
gymnastics sweethearts. That could have generated a lot more US fans for
gymnastics in general ... eventually helping the sport to grow in this
country.

Sherwin already mentioned that outside of the US Marylou is not a superstar
and though I'm not a fan of hers I sure know a lot of people that began doing
or following gymnastics by watching her in LA. Good or bad it also gave a lot
of little girl's the desire to wear the red, white, and blue ... it suddenly
seemed possible for an American to win in the bigtime (no matter how
questionable the victory).  I'd have to say that her greatest achievement was
not her questionable win but her publicity of the sport in a country that
doesn't like anything that fails to involve touchdown's, home run's, or free
thows.

Susan

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 11:45:42 -0500 (EDT)
From: ***@homer.louisville.edu
Subject: '83 Chunichi/ Mary Lou (was Re: Top most important)
 

>
> Of course, ABC was most likely well and truly pissed since a lot more people
> would have tuned in to see 1984 OLYMPIC CHAMPION MARYLOU RETTON <insert
> fanfare here> then some little Soviet kids ... no matter how cute and
> engaging. The days of Olga were passed people now wanted *American*
> gymnastics sweethearts. That could have generated a lot more US fans for
> gymnastics in general ... eventually helping the sport to grow in this
> country.
>
> Sherwin already mentioned that outside of the US Marylou is not a superstar
> and though I'm not a fan of hers I sure know a lot of people that began doing
> or following gymnastics by watching her in LA. Good or bad it also gave a lot
> of little girl's the desire to wear the red, white, and blue ... it suddenly
> seemed possible for an American to win in the bigtime (no matter how
> questionable the victory).  I'd have to say that her greatest achievement was
> not her questionable win but her publicity of the sport in a country that
> doesn't like anything that fails to involve touchdown's, home run's, or free
> thows.
>
      I am new to this list and am not directly or indirectly associated to
gymnastics in any way beyond enjoying the sport as a spectator (of women's,
usually by watching it on TV) but I hope I'm still welcome here.  I am a 20
year old male American who has been trying to loosely follow the sport since
1987's pre-Olympic trials (when the American team was selected for the Seoul
Games).  I may not know all the technicalities, but appreciate the vast amount
of talent and mental & physical strength needed to perform gymnastics.  It
still amazes and enraptures me to this day (that's why I'm on this list!).

      Anyways, I agree with the above sentiments in the last post.  I didn't
really become interested in following gymnastics until AFTER Mary Lou
popularized the sport for Americans.  Once she got her 10 on the vault, ABC
plugged TV coverage of women's gymnastics more and more as the years wore on.
I was too young in 1984 to appreciate HER, but as I got older and into my
teens, I started idolizing the "newer" American Sweethearts, like Phoebe Mills
and (especially) the great Brandy Johnson.  I tried to catch EVERY TV
appearance of Brandy and not just because my male hormones thought she was
cute...I really admired her abilities as a female gymnast.  Because of Brandy's
popularity and championship level, Gymnastics spread further in the U.S. and
was more highly recognized as a sport to watch (just like what's been going on
with Women's Figure Skating in the past few years).  Americans seem to always
want a "star" from their own country in the limelight, and that is what makes
them (as in the general public) watch and get interested in the sport.  It
gives the sport a "drama" type feel when we tune in to see if our heroine can
win against the champions of the opposing teams.  It is especially dramatic in
TV covereage when our "Sweetheart" is going up against an equally talented
gymnast from a politically competitive country (like Svetlana Boguinskaya from
the former Soviet Union...she sure had a look that could freeze the blood in
your veins).  It becomes an ongoing saga of wins and defeats, following the
story of the current protagonist (from Brandy to Kim Zmeskal to Shannon
Miller).  Such is the view from American specatators (such as myself), as
proliferated by the media coverage.  This grand exposure of the sport DID make
a lot of girls into Olympic hopefuls for the future.
      This is just how I have seen it, based on limited facts and MHO.
Please tell me if I've said anything inappropriate for this list (it seems
pretty formal).  Remember, I'm new here.
                                          Dave

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 15:18 PDT
From: ***@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU
Subject: China

As far as 94 Worlds team predictions go, don't forget about China...

Even the Chinese girls can do rudis and popas... and they are finally
getting credit for their superiority on bars and beam...  Vault can
be a problem, but remember, piked barani-outs are worth 9.9 and that
seems to be one of their vaults of choice...

Of course the odds of a Chinese girl hitting her routine is about the same
as being shot on the freeway, so thats.. lemmee see, um, 1 in 4.

Russia and Romania should hold on to the top 2 spots... I think the order
will depend on consistency.. Romania is deeper but the Russians are better
gymnasts... Khorkina and Kotchetkova have a tendency to crash things though.

North Korea pulled out which sucks because I wanted to see how old they
would claim Choe Gyong Hui to be this year... remember they said she was like
19 in 1991... maybe in dog years... Plus, I am always curious to see what
madness Pae Gil Su has added to his HB.. remember in 91 the def, gaylord
and full twisting front werent enough so he also did a double layout
flying backwards over the bar... this he found tiresome so he made it
a full-twisting double layout over the bar in Barcelona..  He is a great
2 event gymnast.. too bad there are 6 mens events...

God I hope the Yurkinas are there....

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 20:18:23 EDT
From: ***@BBN.COM
Subject: Comparing skating triple-triples to gymnastics double-doubles

Adriana's certainly correct that stamina probably plays a bigger
role in figure skating long programs than in gymnastics routines,
but I would propose that one way to judge relative difficulty
of skills within two such different disciplines is by how many
competitors can perform the skill, as a percentage of the
world-level competitors in the discipline.

With regard to the skating triple-triple, now that Surya Bonaly's
decided to go professional (at least for the next year or so),
I think there are at best only a couple of women currently
in amateur figure skating competition who can compete triple-triple
combinations.  There may not be any.  And there are definitely
no women currently competing with a triple axel, although some
are working on it.

By that yardstick, isn't it "harder" than a gymnastics double-double?

I don't see how we can compare the actual physical difficulty of
two such different things, if that comparison has any meaning at all,
without getting into serious discussions of biophysics and biochemistry!

By the way, I've sometimes wondered if Czabo didn't suffer in the
L.A. Olympics in part because of her strange and distracting
application of eye makeup.  (In case it isn't obvious, this
is meant to be humor.:-))  More seriously, I think the results
were due in part to the obviously heavy pressure to give very
high scores, which left very little room for discrimination
at the top.  (Once you give A a 10.0, everyone who performs
a routine at least as good should get a 10.0, but then
you can't sort the routines or the athletes apart.)

>>Kathy

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 18:09:09 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
Subject: Dominique on GMA

     Anyone but me catch Dominique Dawes this morning on "Good Morning
America"? They only gave her about 5 minutes of time, but it was good. They did
a brief interview, and she performed what she described as a "dance routine" on
beam - i.e., very limited tumbling. I think all she did was 2 flip-flops, but
given the not so gymnastics-friendly atmosphere and lighting of the GMA set,
who can blame her!
     The interview was good. Dom fans will be glad to hear that she's decided
to train through 1996. The interviewer (Joan Lundin - sp?) said something about
seeing her in Atlanta, and Dom pointed out that she had to qualify for the team
first. It was similar when Joan said, "your next big meet is in Germany," and
Dom said, "no, first is the trials in Richmond, Va." I really like Dom's
attitude - she doesn't take anything for granted. Other facts of interest: she
said she currently trains 5 hours a day but will soon increase it to 5-7. She's
finding it a lot easier to concentrate on her gym now that she doesn't have to
juggle school and training. When she eventually does enroll at Stanford, she
wants to study "drama and the arts" and give something back to USA gymnastics
as well. But I was most impressed with how she handled the dreaded "eating
disorder" question. Joan brought up Christy Henrich and then asked if Dominique
herself felt any pressure to stay tiny and if she knew of other girls who had
obvious eating orders. I didn't think that was a very fair question to ask on
live television, or even to ask at all. Even if Dominique DOES know of girls
with eating disorders, asking her to name them on TV is really tacky. But Dom
handled it like a pro (or a true politician) - she just entirely ignored that
part of the question! She just said that she eats a lot of carbohydrates,
fruits, vegetables, chicken and fish. So she definitely knows how to handle the
press!
     I did get everything on tape. Which reminds me - to all the people I have
promised tapes to (the Christy Henrich story on GMA and "More Than a Game"), I
have NOT forgotten you, although I wouldn't blame you for thinking so! I've
just been really pressed for time lately (having to work overtime and/or taking
work home, etc.) I'll try to get organized and get some blank tapes and copy
the stuff soon. :)

Beth

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 12:56 PDT
From: ***@MVS.OAC.UCLA.EDU
Subject: Mary Lou etc.

IG named Szabo its 1984 gymnast of the year, pretty gutsy considering the
readership etc.. It really bothered me that Szabo "lost".  I was only
11 at the time but it was the first time I realized that scoring is not
always fair (Retton BB 9.8? yeah, well maybe out of 13), and that the
best don't always win..  However the best in that meet might have been
Lavinia Agache who was the 1984 Romanian national champion in AA, V, BB, and
FX.. unfortunately after winning compulsories (tied with Szabo who they
made Lavinia suck up to) she bombed, I mean BOMBED optionals and finished
last on her team.

Retton's victory did more harm than good... although it did get people
interested in the sport, it also started the whole " we must take any
good gymnasts the US has and overhype them, setting them up for failure
in search of the next Mary Lou" stuff...

oh well.. its the American Way....

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 20:17:51 -0500 (EDT)
From: ***@homer.louisville.edu
Subject: Mary Lou etc.

>
> Retton's victory did more harm than good... although it did get people
> interested in the sport, it also started the whole " we must take any
> good gymnasts the US has and overhype them, setting them up for failure
> in search of the next Mary Lou" stuff...
>
> oh well.. its the American Way....
>
      It's sad is what it is.  When a sport forces someone like Phoebe Mills
to quit to resume what she called "a normal teenager's life" and intense
pressure to perform is put on those labeled "The New Mary Lou" by SI (like
Christie Phillips) it does set them up for failure.  It's too bad, really...
almost like the media was EXPECTING the young, aspiring American gymnasts to
live up to the accomplishments of their predecessors and take on their
identity instead of their own.  Albeit sometimes they actually did better than
their forebears, but the pressure on the girls seemed very high just from my
prespective as a spectator.  Suffice it to say that I learned about Bulimia
and anorexia from gymnastics coverage of the disorders.  :(  Terrible.
      Since I'm new to the list and relatively uneducated compared to those
actually IN the sport, could someone assist me by sending a list (FAQ?) of the
names and descriptions of the major moves in women's gymnastics?  I've saved
recent articles mentioning the "named" movements, but I'd still like to learn
more.  Any recommendations?  (easy to acquire library books and such?)  Any
help appreciated.  Thanks in advance.
                                          Dave

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 19:12:54 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: Mary Lou on TV(again)

Just saw my local news and Mary Lou was on it.  There was some new thing
about Wheaties
and they had Mike Jordan, Mary Lou and others previously on
the box
eating the cereal together.They showed a replay of an old commerical
with Mary Lou doing her vault and the had a short interveiw with her.
Just thought you all want to know
Anne

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 23:46:10 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: Mary Lou Retton

>I'd just like to say from an non-
American point of view that from
the gymn people that I know, they
didn't think much of Mary Lou... all
we know she did was to win a boycotted
> Olympics and nothing else

Sherwin's comment strikes a memory with me. 

(...the screen clouds as Mara's memory returns to the distant but fondly
remembered past...)

I was in London around Christmas of 1984.  I cut my touring short one
afternoon to rush back to the hotel room to see what the BBC had listed as an
'Olympic Gymnastics Review' (or something similar). 

The first words (and I remember this vividly) out of the announcers mouth
were "The top gymnast of the Games was clearly Romania's Ecaterina Szabo."
 Having only seen US coverage of gymnastics up to this point (with it's
worshipful coverage of Mary Lou Retton), it stunned me a bit.

They showed numerous highlights of Szabo (about 10 minutes worth), before
showing about a minute of Retton.  I don't remember the exact narrative, but
it clearly implied she was inferior to Szabo.

It was startling to watch (as an American), but very refreshing in it's
bluntness.

(...Mara shakes her head and wakes back up to 1994.  The cloudy screen
clears)...

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 18:47:25 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: Naming skills & other stuff

For some reason this message never made it.  Please disregard the stuff that
is now repetitive (like about Chunichi, and also the inaccuracy in the
Chunichi results).

Adriana
---------------------
Forwarded message:
Subj:    Re: Naming skills & other stuff
Date:    94-09-21 17:07:40 EDT
From:    Gimnasta

>If I remember correctly, the systematic naming of skills wasn't really
popular until around the '87 Worlds.  It seems to me that the very popular
difficult skills are named after the inventor, irregardless of sex (Tsuk,
Jaeger, Geinger).<

I think that's right about the naming only getting formalized and popular
around '87.  But I'm told the reason the women's Code has kept the names of
male inventors isn't popularity, but difficulty in going back and figuring
out who did what when.  Tsuk, Jaeger, and Gienger are all pretty old skills.
 They use the woman's name when they know (for example, a full-in on floor is
a Mukhina, and that dates back to '78).

>Betty Okino has 2 skills in the Code  (can you name them?).

double turn on beam; underswing layout 1/2 (or is it 1/2 to back layout?)
bars dismount

>(BTW--which American has the most named skills in the
Code?  What are the skills?)

Kelly Garrison -- 1 1/2 twisting cat leap on floor; side Valdez, ro-full
mount, and chest roll w/o hands (aka "breast roll" in the men's locker room),
all on beam.

>One reason I like K. Johnson's reporting is that she knows the skills and is
honest about her opinions on deductions.  ("That is WAY too low/high.")<

Eek!  KJ could do a lot better on her knowledge of skills and the Code.  She
could also be less biased, but then maybe American TV doesn't want her to be.
 But to her credit, she does know more than the rest of them put together.

>(1)  Does anyone remember Nancy Kerrigan's '91 World long program?  She
ADDED a triple-triple combination (rather she upgraded from a double-triple,
but still) and attempted an aditional triple (Salchow upgrade), which
probably helped her earn a bronze.  That is like changing a full-in to a
double-double and adding an extra double back!<

Never having figure skated, it's hard for me to know, but it really seems a
little much to compare a triple-triple to a double-double (I couldn't resist
:)  ).  Unless maybe one of the triples is a triple axel (and even then...).
 I'd like input from someone who knows, because somehow I get the impression
that the hardest skating skills aren't as hard as the hardest gymnastics
skills (say [for women], a triple axel isn't as hard as a full-twisting
double layout or a [tucked] double-double).  I think that's supported by the
fact that skating programs are much longer than floor routines, so doing a
skating program may be as hard as a floor routine, but it's because of the
stamina necessary rather than the difficulty of the isolated skills.  Anyone?

>An aside---there were some very difficult skills being performed at the '72
Olympics.  The Janz salto is similar to a Jaeger.

Similar, yes, but they don't even begin to compare in level of difficulty.

>(Without detracting from her accomplishments, does anyone remember what else
she did besides win the American Cup (3 times) and the Olympics?)<

Retton won the '83 Chunichi Cup (Dianne Durham was second and an
up-and-coming Shushunova third).  Really a laudable accomplishment for an
American, especially at that time.  And in the interest of balance, I'll add
that she didn't go to the '83 Worlds because of an injury.  IMO she had a
legitimate shot at V and FX medals.

>we outside of America didn't get too excited about Mary Lou's Olympics
victory simply because, well, we're not American.

Maybe it's just me, but my impression is that we inside of America didn't get
too excited either, if we were gym type people.  That is, not too excited
about ML herself, though excited about the effect of her winning on American
gymnastics.  The Mary Lou bandwagoners, as I recall, were non-gym people and
little girl gymnasts who weren't old enough know any better.

:)
Adriana

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 94 20:55:55 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: North Korea and age

>North Korea pulled out which sucks because I wanted to see how old they
would claim Choe Gyong Hui to be this year... remember they said she was like
19 in 1991...

At '91 World University Games they  claimed she was 22!

Btw, what is Kim Gwang Suk now, 12?

I'm sure we'll see even more of an issue in 1997 when the age rise takes
effect...

This begs the question...Is there any *independent* way for the FIG to check
ages?  Do they even really want to? 

Mara

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 23:30:59 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@clark.net
Subject: North Korea and age


> >North Korea pulled out which sucks because I wanted to see how old they
> would claim Choe Gyong Hui to be this year... remember they said she was like
> 19 in 1991...
>
> At '91 World University Games they  claimed she was 22!
>
> Btw, what is Kim Gwang Suk now, 12?
>
> I'm sure we'll see even more of an issue in 1997 when the age rise takes
> effect...
>
> This begs the question...Is there any *independent* way for the FIG to check
> ages?  Do they even really want to? 

I find it somewhat worrying that the issue of verifying the reported age
would even come up in this context.  The fact that I can accept the
veracity of such a question's signficance is even more disturbing - the
thought occured to me also.  I don't know that they can verify it
physiologically, what with delayed development, etc, and I doubt that,
given all the participants and varied sources, there is anyway they can
really check. 

I can see that they might want to cehck - the limit is there for a
varietyt of reasons, not least of which is ethics.  I think they would
want to at least see some semi-legitimate information source (eg., birth
certificate in countries where they are given out) as part of the
standard beaurocracy no doubt involved in competing. 

So - I think they'd care, but I don't think there is much they can do (to
sum up).

At least, I hope they'd care.

Robert

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 1994 11:49:56 +0800
From: ***@Eng.Sun.COM
Subject: OLYMPICS IN ATLANTA

The Games of the XXVIth Olympiad will take place from July 19 - August 4, 1996.

It's projected that roughly two million visitors are expected to see the
various events.

Approximately 11 million tickes will be available.

Artistic gymnastics will have 15 sessions ranging from $25 to $250.

Tickets go on sale the Spring of '95.

There are roughly 55,000 hotel rooms within a 45-minute radius of downtown
Atlanta.  Reservations will be coordinated by the ACOG.  (Not sure what
this means.)

For further information, contact:

      Atlanta Committee for the Olympic Games
      250 Williams Street, Suite 6000
      P.O. Box 1996
      Atlanta, GA 30301-1996
      Telephone 404 224-1996

(Reference: "1996 Olympic Games At A Glance" put out by the ACOG)

  From GRANTM@SWOSU.EDU  Wed Sep 21 10:57:10 1994
  Mime-Version: 1.0
  Date: Wed, 21 Sep 1994 12:54:10 -0400
  To: GYMN@MIT.EDU
  From: GRANTM@SWOSU.EDU (Marcia L. Grant)
  Subject: OLYMPICS IN ATLANTA
 
  Does anyone have any information concerning the gymnastics events for the
  1996 Olympics in Atlanta?  Are there addresses to write to for information
  concerning tickets, housing, etc?
 

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 94 12:43:10 BST
From: ***@ic.ac.uk
Subject: Preview on two coming meets

The British Press seems to have taken a liking on gymnastics at
the moment following our victory in the Commonwealth Games. In
today's (Friday 23rd) "Daily Telegraph" there was a large colour
photo of Karin Szymko practising on the beam (photo measured
31cm x 12 cm), with a caption that said she was preparing for the
British National Championships due to start in Guildford tonight.

The "Birmingham Classic" International Grand Prix meet will take
place on 30th September (next Friday) in Birmingham (surprise,
surprise), England. As yet I have no info on who will be competing,
but they say "Olympic, World and European Champions from 7 nations"
will be there. I'll be going and will post my impressions on it
afterwards.

Sherwin

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 22:15:14 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: Re: some questions...about judging

>A study was published a few years ago that showed that judges who preview
routines are biased later when they must judge them.  The earlier performance
appears to bias the later decision in the direction of the previewed routine,
i.e., good or bad.  I cannot find the study reference, only this comment
about the original study.<

That's interesting; I hadn't heard about that study.  What I wonder is
whether there is a difference in the value (or lack thereof) of previewing
between the time when the study was done and now.  I wasn't a judge before,
but as far as I know, it's considerably more complicated to calculate start
values now than it was before this Code.  I intended to say that previewing
was good for purposes of start values, not actual judging, and that the risk
of being biased by an earlier viewing was outweighed by an increase in
accuracy and speed in calculating start values.  On the other hand, that may
just be the way I feel as an inexperienced judge.  Experienced judges are
considerably better at calculating start values without preparation, although
I know they sit through podium training anyway.

Adriana

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 94 09:27:01 -0400
From: ***@a1.csoc.umc.dupont.com
Subject: Skating Skills

[This message is converted from WPS-PLUS to ASCII]

Julius wrote:

>As for figure skating:  I started skating about 2 years abgo and I
must say the sports are VERY different.  Yes, endurance is clearly a
factor.  I am usually winded after a 2 minute program.  As for
biomechanicas, I don't know.  Skaters "onley" have to twist, but
the technique for changing backward momentum (???) is very diffferent.


>Put simply, I found it easier to learn a double full than a double ANYTHING in
skating.  In theory, the double full should be harder because 2 axis are
involved.  By the same token, a skater only has a 1 inch toe pick to
redirect energy and add torque, while a gymnas has, what, two feet?
Need a pyhysicist, I guess.

To really compare apples to apples in this case, I think that you need to pick
a gymnastic skill that more closely resembles the skating skill.  I think that
a fair gymnastic equivalent to the triple axel would have to be something which
doesn't involve any form of "punch" on the take-off.  How many gymnasts do you
think would be able to perform a tour jete with two additional twists?

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 94 10:24:15 PDT
From: ***@geoworks.com
Subject: Skating Skills

"Lots of other people" write:
> which is harder?

> As for figure skating:  <...> I must say the sports are VERY different.

"James" writes:
> To really compare apples to apples in this case, ...


      I think we have to accept that we really can't compare these
things.  Even within the realm of gymnastics it is hard to compare moves.
For instance, is a back toss on P-Bars as hard as spindle flairs on pommel
horse?  How can you make the comparison?  It will be harder for some and
easier for others.
      Even if you had someone who could do both a tripple axel *and* a
full in on floor, would they be able to judge which was more difficult?
For them maybe, but how does that apply to everyone else? Difficulty seems
only able to be judged when you have the consensus of a bunch of people to
average their oppinions.  You can certainly infer difficulty (i.e. a
double-double is harder than a full in), but I wouldn't think this relyable
for anything but very similar moves, and sometimes not even there.  One
might infer an L-Cross is harder than a regular Cross, but it really is
different for each gymnast (the L-Cross places more strain on the pecs than
the regular).  A front lever is harder than either (for most everyone) and
a back lever isn't much harder than a simple L seat, but no-one who hasn't
seriously attempted all of these would guess it from inference.
      Until there are a multiple of people able to perform both of these
moves (tripple axel and full in) we could speculate all day about "how many
hours average/years of practice to get the move", "percentage of the
sport that can do them" or "strict number of atheletes that can do them",
but we won't really get anywhere.

      Just my oppinion,

            Dave

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 23:04:11 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@tiger.hsc.edu
Subject: stuff

Szabo--
Wans't she suffering from jet lag or some other illness during
the '84 Olympics?  And remember, even though she "should" have won, she
did ahve a MAJOR break during team (fall on UPB).

I have a copy of event finals from the '83 Nationals, and Retton looked
pretty, hmmmm, inconsistent?  It was quite interesting to see the
difference a year makes.  McNamara's '83 routine was COMPLETELY different
from her Gold '84 routine.  Retton wasn't the only one with a full-in
on FX, either.  (Anyone remember?  And what else did this gymnast
do (hint: beam) that was amazing, even now?)

As for figure skating:  I started skating about 2 years abgo and I
must say the sports are VERY different.  Yes, endurance is clearly a
factor.  I am usually winded after a 2 minute program.  As for
biomechanicas, I don't know.  Skaters "onley" have to twist, but
the technique for changing backward momentum (???) is very diffferent.

(I will apologize now for all the typos.  My delete key doesn't work.)

Put simply, I found it easier to learn a double full than a double ANYTHING in
skating.  In theory, the double full should be harder because 2 axis are
involved.  By the same token, a skater only has a 1 inch toe pick to
redirect energy and add torque, while a gymnas has, what, two feet?
Need a pyhysicist, I guess.

Also, using the number of people competeing the skill...aren't there a
LOT more girls/women in skating than gymnastics?  (More expensive, granted, but
at this point a higher monetary reward for success.)  If this is true,
then there should be quite a few skaters performing triples, triple-triple
combinations, and triple axels.  [There is a big difference between types
of triple, as well, but that's for another news groupd :) ]

Trivia:

(Following up on some earlier questions)
!)  What gymnast performed the first full on beam?  Which American?
2)  Who performed the first full-in (US)?
3)  How about full-in dismount on UPB?  BB?
4)  Who was the first American woman to do a Yurchenko?  man?
5)  Who performed a doulbe in-double back? (either sex)
6)  How many Canadian women have skills named after them?
7)  (follow up to 6)  Where are they going to school now?
8)  Just out of curiosity--has anyone seen a triple twisting double layout?

Julius

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 09:33:49 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@gateway.us.sidwell.edu
Subject: stuff

On Thu, 22 Sep 1994, Julius! wrote:

> Trivia:
>
> (Following up on some earlier questions)
> 8)  Just out of curiosity--has anyone seen a triple twisting double layout?

Uh-huh.  A double full in-full out is called an Elliot (at least in
tumbling) after Steve Elliot, an 8 time World Tumbling Champ.  I saw him
do one at Woodward Gymnastics Camp this summer.  He's now in, what, his
late 30's-early 40's?  Well, it was pretty incredible--he was sky-high. 
I can't remember, but Alexander Kolinov (probably sp--he's from Russia
and was Junior European champ a couple of times) may have also done it while I
was there--I have pictures of the two of them doing layouts and fulls and
they are out of the frame, a good 20 feet above the floor.

Lisa


------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 22:29:26 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
Subject: Szabo and North Korea

     I think what cost Szabo the gold in '84 was her fall on her bars dismount
during team finals. Since there was no "new life" back then, that carryover
score put her at a big disadvantage. Had there been "new life" back then, she
would have walked away with the title! I personally hate "new life," but the LA
Olympics are one meet where I wish it had been in effect, because Szabo truly
was the better gymnast.
     About North Korea, why are they pulling out of so many meets anyway? I
know the women's team was banned from the 1993 Worlds for lying about Kim Gwan
Suk's age, but I thought the ban was only for a year. But then no North
Korean women OR men showed up in Brisbane. Does anyone know what's going on?
     By the way, a friend sent me a photocopy of a picture of Kim Gwan Suk, and
she has front teeth now!

Beth

------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 15:24:29 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@tiger.hsc.edu
Subject: This list

This list, formal?

On Brandy Johnson--
Too bad she never hit 8 for 8 at Worlds.  Unlike the tiny tops,
Brandy, IMHO, better represented _women's_ gymnastics.  I think she was given
some bad advice about professional vs collegiate gymnastics, though.
I'll bet she would have DOMINATED the collegiate scene (like Kelly Garrison-
Steves in the mid-late '80's)  Who knows?

On Phoebe Mills--
Is she still diving?  I've heard she has move up the ladder of US diving.  She
still holds many records at Evanston Township HS.  (Granted, HS, but then Bart
Connor set records in high school, too.)

Anyone have any predictions about the World Teams compositions and the ranking
of the countries?  Should prove to be very interesting if we have as much
depth as the media may imply.  Imagine Shannon, Domonique, Larissa, Jenni,
Amanda, (and the alternate to be determined :)) all healthy?  Granted, they
need a little more consistency, but the skills are certainly there!

Any word on Johanna Hughes (AUS)?  How about the Canadian team?

Julius

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 94 00:35:20 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: This list

I heard that at the Olympic festival, Phoebe Mills was kicked off the
University of Miami (or wherever she attends) diving team because she broke
curfew.  I got it from a source that I hadn't heard from before so, I don't
know the validity of it.---Brian

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 23:14:05 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: Top most important (SI) list

>As for Retton, she was certainly an important figure in the US.  (Without
detracting from her accomplishments, does anyone remember what else she did
besides win the American Cup (3 times) and the Olympics?) 

I know this was a rhetorical question, but...

Chunichi Cup 1983

:-)

Mara

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 09:09:38 +0600
From: ***@scoter.cdev.com
Subject: triple-double

> On Thu, 22 Sep 1994, Julius! wrote:
>
> > Trivia:
> >
> > (Following up on some earlier questions)
> > 8)  Just out of curiosity--has anyone seen a triple twisting double layout?

Didn't catch this question before. Scherbo did a triple-double layout off
of high bar at the exhibition tour stop in Chicago last October. It was
ragged, but he landed it. The ubiquitous Stormy Eaton said that Scherbo
wanted to try it in front of a crowd before competing it at a meet
in Toronto.

--John

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 07:48:32 -0500
From: ***@merle.acns.nwu.edu
Subject: triple axels

>> I'd like input from someone who knows, because somehow I get the impression
>> that the hardest skating skills aren't as hard as the hardest gymnastics
>> skills (say [for women], a triple axel isn't as hard as a full-twisting
>> double layout or a [tucked] double-double).  I think that's supported by the
>> fact that skating programs are much longer than floor routines, so doing a
>> skating program may be as hard as a floor routine, but it's because of the
>> stamina necessary rather than the difficulty of the isolated skills.  Anyone?


Hi --

Although I think people have responded to the triple axel question pretty
accurately, I thought I'd  go ahead and offer my input.  When I worked as a
biomechanist for the USOC, we did a figure skating study on triple axels,
comparing double axels to triples, etc.  We had 5 of the top US men skaters
jumping for us, including US champ Scott Davis.  After being down on the
ice videotaping these guys, I can tell you -- a triple axel is NOT easy!! 

In our study we found that rotation speed, rather than jump height, was
really the key to completing the triple axel.  The skaters who successfully
completed their jumps were rotating in excess of 5 revolutions/second.  I'm
not sure exactly how fast gymnasts twist (like on a triple full on floor),
but I would doubt that they rotate as fast as the skaters do.  On an axel,
a skater takes off of one foot (i.e. blade) and doesn't get nearly as much
height as a gymnast does during tumbling; hence a skater typically doesn't
have the time in the air that a gymnast does (the skaters in our study were
in the air about 0.6 seconds during their jumps).

Also, I think landing a triple axel is probably tougher than landing a
tumbling pass.  Even the skaters who could complete a triple axel could not
complete the jump consistently.  I think that once a gymnast masters a
skill, he or she basically knows what it takes to make it.  Of course,
there are mental factors involved in being consistent ...  But I would
think that it would be harder to land on a skating blade than on two feet.
Only the very best skaters can complete three twists and open up before the
landing.  Most of the skaters are still twisting somewhat upon landing and
thus have a hard time pulling out the jump at the end every time.

This is not to take anything away from a full-twisting double layout on
floor -- certainly the combination of twisting and rotating is difficult
and is not a factor in figure skating.  

If anyone is more interested in the figure skating study we did, we
published an article in the Journal of Applied Biomechanics 10(1):51-60.

-- Allison

------------------------------

Date: Wed, 21 Sep 94 09:43:38 EDT
From: ***@aol.com
Subject: U.S. Nationals

>I realize this is kind of late in the asking, but why was Shannon's bar
routine only scored out of a 9.9 in Event Finals?  Was her dismount not
counted as a true double layout?<

I don't remember the routine well enough and I don't have a tape with me.
 What I *can* say is that any time there's 0.2 or more in deductions on an
element, no bonus is awarded.  Still, from what I know of the content of her
routine, and that she didn't have any serious breaks (other than the usual
double layout) it seems she ought to have started from a 10.

hop-full to Gienger (E+D)
blind change to Healy to straddle back (?)
(giant-full to?) Tkatchev ([C+?]D)
double layout (E)

Extra D/E:  2 D's are required.  Even if she didn't get bonus for the double
layout, she still gets value part credit, which means that the double layout
can cover one of the required D's.  She'd get 0.2 for the hop-full and 0.1
for one of the D's, which comes to 0.3 (the maximum she can get for extra D's
and E's).

Special connections:  the E+D gets 0.2 bonus.  A giant full to a Tkatchev
gets 0.1 bonus if the giant full was finished past the handstand and 0.2 if
the giant-full was finished within 10 degrees of vertical.

So this calculation comes to a 10 SV without even considering the blind
change Healy (I don't know what that's worth) to straddle back.  Does she no
longer do a giant-full before the Tkatchev?  That's all I can think of.  The
Healy into a straddle back to handstand might give her some more connection
bonus, but if I recall correctly, she didn't hit a handstand on the straddle
back.

Hope this helps.  If someone can give me a description of the particular
performance, I might be able to figure it out.

:)
Adriana

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 09:37:09 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@gateway.us.sidwell.edu
Subject: Worlds

On Thu, 22 Sep 1994, Julius! wrote:

> This list, formal?

Yeah, right :)!

> Anyone have any predictions about the World Teams compositions and the ranking
> of the countries?  Should prove to be very interesting if we have as much
> depth as the media may imply.  Imagine Shannon, Domonique, Larissa, Jenni,
> Amanda, (and the alternate to be determined :)) all healthy?  Granted, they
> need a little more consistency, but the skills are certainly there!

Well, of that list (Shannon, Dominique, Larissa, Jenni, and Amanda), only
two are almost definitely going.  Nunno has said that he's not sending
Miller to Worlds, I don't believe Fontaine qualified to the Worlds Trials
because of her low ranking at Nationals, and Thompson is too young (you
have to be 15 by the end of the year, or 14 in pre-Olympic years, i.e.
1995, and Thompson turned 13 just before Nationals, if my memory serves
me correctly).  And you never know what could happen to Dawes and Borden
at the trials...

Also, does anyone know if they're doing the 7-6-5 thing (7 gymnasts from
each country, 6 compete on each event, 5 scores count) at this Worlds for
men and/or women?

Lisa
------------------------------

Date: Thu, 22 Sep 1994 22:56:51 PST
From: ***@electriciti.com
Subject: Worlds teams

Hi everyone,

Help for Dortmund predictions ...

Participating nations as of September 5 (according to the organizers):

Men and Women:
------------------

Belarus
Bulgaria
Canada
China
Cuba
Czech Republic
France
Great Britain
Germany
Hungary
Israel
Italy
Japan
Romania
Russia
South Africa
Ukraine
USA

Men only:
------------

Argentina
Korea
Puerto Rico
Switzerland

Women only:
-------------

Australia
Latvia
Mexico
Spain



--Nancy

------------------------------

Date: Fri, 23 Sep 1994 09:58:34 -0400 (EDT)
From: ***@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu
Subject: World teams

     So Bulgaria found some female gymnasts, huh? In Brisbane a friend and a I
asked a Bulgarian coach why no women were there, and he said "we don't have
any." It will be interesting to see who turns up in Dortmund!

Beth

------------------------------

End of gymn Digest
******************************